Problem Formulation¶
The system consists of a tramway supplied by two substations.
The train moves along the line and consumes or regenerates power.
Objectives¶
We aim to minimize:
- Battery capacity (cost proxy)
- Maximum voltage drop:
\[\Delta V_{max} = \max_t (V_{sst} - V_{train}(t))\]
Decision Variables¶
- Battery capacity
- Power threshold
Constraints¶
- No power feedback to the grid
- Battery limits (capacity, efficiency)
Approach¶
- Simulation-based evaluation
- Pareto optimization